Principles Of Business Document Production And Information...

Unit 03: Principles of Business Document production and Information Management 1.1 Describe different types of business documents that may be produced and format to be followed for each? The description of different types of business documents produced and their format to be followed are as follows: †¢ Business Letters: These letters include formal /informal information, addresses of the sender and recipient, date, salutation and complimentary close. †¢ Emails: Emails are formatted as recipient/s, sender, subject and signature. †¢ Reports: Title; terms of reference; subheadings; findings; conclusion; recommendations. †¢ Minutes of meeting: Title; date; place; attendees; apologies; matters arising from previous meetings; record of business; action points and details of next meeting. †¢ Lists: Alphabetically or numerically ordered. †¢ Numerical information: Tables; graphs; charts. †¢ Instructions: Short phrases; bullets or numbering; chronological order †¢ Newsletters: Columns and images †¢ Notices and advertisements: No set format or layout. 1.2 Explain the use of different types of information communication technology (ICT) for document production? The different types of ICT can be used as: †¢ Word processing Software: It can be used to produce reports, letters. †¢ Spread sheet Software: Microsoft Excel can be used to produce spread sheet for keeping financial records. †¢ Database Software: Database software can be used to keep customer records, but in Medical Physics Department, IShow MoreRelatedNestlà © Company Management and Principles Essay1416 Words   |  6 Pagesit ´s subjects. The structure provides an information about the main responsibilities and roles assigned to the particular elements of the organisation. (Organizational structure, n.d., â€Å"Definition† section, para 1- 2) Chairman Peter Brabeck-Letmathe, who formerly held the function of Nestlà © chief executive officer (CEO), leads the Board of Directors which is the governing body of the organisation. The Board consists of 14 members. (About us, n.d., â€Å"Management† section, para 1.) Each member operatesRead MorePurpose Of Management Requirements Section1613 Words   |  7 Pages1- What is the purpose of Management Requirements Section? The purpose of management requirement is to manage the requirements hierarchy of a project to detect inconsistencies between them and ensure their traceability (Porter-Roth, 2002). In many professions, the expression of these requirements results in a number of documents whose coherence and quality determine the success or failure of the projects concerned. There is specialized software that allows assisting in the implementation of thisRead MoreManagerial Accounting And The Certified Management1408 Words   |  6 Pagesability to comprehend financial information provided to properly determine the correct course of action. In the global market of today, an organization’s inability to accurately determine the best course of action can lead to financial ruin for the company. Uninformed decisions by leadership can derail a business’ prospects for success in the future. Business leaders must understand the differences between managerial and financial accounting, additio nal information needed for internal purposes,Read MoreThe 8 Principles Of Quality Management1176 Words   |  5 Pagesthe manufacturing process killing its work force and endangering others’ lives. Subsequently, due to the quality control problems factories were required to document their manufacturing procedures and to keep record of these documents as proof that these procedures were being carried out. The standard was called BS 5750 also known as management standard. This standard didn’t state what to manufacture rather how the manufacturing process was managed. In 1987, the British government called upon theRead MoreName: Vishnu Sukumaran. Clientrfs #Ops Security Clearance.Government807 Words   |  4 Pagesand Problem Solving Skills Experience evaluating and assessing client s information and system needs and defining IT and business requirements Role/Title and Company Name Business System Analyst – GAORFID Inc – 3 months Systems Analyst – Tata Consultancy Services Ltd – 2 years Project Coordinator (Intern) – Ekana Security Inc. – 3 months Provide a specific example of how you used the must have skill: Business Analysis team worked with project manager to analyse understand the scopeRead MoreThe Principles Of Quality Management1482 Words   |  6 Pages Hamza Ali Quality Assignment Table of Contents Page number 1. Introduction †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦........................... 3 2. The 8 principles of Quality Management †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 3 3. ISO 9001 Requirements †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 5 4. The preparation required †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 8 5. The benefits of certification/registration †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreAcc 11410 Words   |  6 Pagesinterpret financial information, prepare financial statements, conduct audits, design accounting systems, prepare special business and financial studies, prepare forecasts and budgets, and provide tax services. Double-entry bookkeeping records the economic activities of a business. Accounting includes bookkeeping but duties are far greater than it. What types of information are critical to the performance of the accounting function in an organization? All reliable financial information from events orRead MoreCurrent Marketing Performance1166 Words   |  5 Pagesmarketing function of an organisation. Their responsibilities include analysing information on the internal and external business and marketing environment; examining current marketing performance; identifying new marketing opportunities arising from emerging trends; and devising strategies to achieve overall business objectives. Individuals operating at this level will generally conduct these activities using information gathered by people working under their direct and indirect supervision at lowerRead MoreThe Mission Of The Accounting And Financial Functional Area1266 Words   |  6 Pagesallow our business to flourish domestically and in new foreign markets. In order to achieve the five year goal of a 100% increase in the production of our coffee cup, as well as to expand the distribution of the product both to new domestic markets and foreign markets, the A F group will be involved in the following actively involved in all facets of the business. It is important to note that from the very beginning we have a duty to ethically operate our functional area and the business. To thatRead MoreDoing A Project More Effectively And Efficiently Using Lean Management1084 Words   |  5 PagesTopic: How to run a project more effectively and efficiently using lean management. Introduction: The main purpose of this research is to define better handling of ongoing project by complying with the principles of lean management to obtain maximum efficiency in production processing. During the project production lifecycle, many projects go through various challenges and to ensure that projects are handled in better ways, organisation perform different actions and approaches to retain project

Bobby Knight Essay - 1396 Words

Bobby Knight In the San Juan heat of 1984, coaching legend Bobby Knight became infamous for his assault on a Puerto Rican security guard over a practice time during the Olympic preliminaries (Biography 2). Headlines of one of the most famous college basketball coaches of all time haven’t come to an end since. The veteran coach from the state of Ohio has since thrown a chair across a gym floor, been video taped choking a player, and assaulted school employees and fellow students on the campus of Indiana. He has been in heated arguments with anyone from school presidents to the media after heart breaking losses. Scrutiny and controversy have followed Bobby Knight ever since he brought his disciplined style of basketball to the scene†¦show more content†¦He asks the question, â€Å"How much more garbage will college basketball take from this person† (Watts 1)? I will not argue with Watts that Bobby Knight practices poor behavior from time to time. The choking of a playe r and assaulting of individuals has no place in society, never the less college athletics. Watts feels that a permanent timeout and firing is the answer to end the negative image portrayed by coach Knight. He feels Knight needs to be removed from his coaching duties and denied the excuses that have been given to him for countless years: â€Å"He is just a competitive driven individual.† This clique has been the support and back bone for Bobby Knight for many years. In comparison to Knight, Watts feels that Dennis Rodman and Mike Tyson are in similar categories. â€Å"Mike Tyson bites off an opponent’s ear†¦and we call him a â€Å"manic-depressive†. â€Å"Dennis Rodman acts like Dennis Rodman and we call him â€Å"a nut† (Watts 1). These comparisons may have similar references in a way, but we need to look at Bobby Knight with the positives that he has brought to the game of college basketball. Sure he may be the â€Å"King of the rude and crude† as said in the comical comment by Watts (Watts 1). Or maybe he will continue to create off court problems. But before anyone wants to look to oust a coaching icon, people should look to the positives. Although Watts and other various critics feel Bobby Knight should be released of his duties in collegeShow MoreRelatedEssay about The Firing of Bobby Knight1174 Words   |  5 PagesThe Firing of Bobby Knight Bobby Knight, longtime Indiana men’s head basketball coach, was recently fired. This firing sparked a controversy among basketball fans throughout the nation; did he deserve to be fired? I believe that Bobby Knight deserved to be fired. Although coach Knight is one of the best coaches in the nation and has earned the respect of countless numbers of fans including myself, I do not believe that a coach should be able to act the way he acted and get away with it. CoachRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Leopold, Loeb, And The Murder That Chicago 1719 Words   |  7 Pageschild, by two wealthy students who killed solely for the thrill of the experience. Baatz starts of the book by giving us a brief introduction of the victim Bobby Franks and his family. Bobby came from a rich family having one brother and sister. Bobby Frank’s father Jacob Franks was a wealthy Chicago watch manufacturer. On May 1924, Bobby left the house to umpire at an impromptu baseball between his school mates and never returned home. Jacob Franks’ friend Samuel Ettelson had connections in theRead MoreChicago V. Leopold And Loeb : Crime Of The Century2217 Words   |  9 Pagesmany nuances, twists, and turns that the media rightfully dubbed it the â€Å"Crime of the Century.† The trial Chicago v. Leopold and Loeb of 1924 brought together America by bringing awareness to capital punishment in the justice system. The murder of Bobby Franks was a gruesome and seemingly unexplained phenomenon in Cook County. The case took the nation by storm and brought the world attention to Chicago. Leopold and Loeb were two relatively normal teenagers on paper. The intricacies of their livesRead MoreLife Is A Collaborative Endeavor1075 Words   |  5 Pagesrole models that taught me life-lessons and instilled morals that I keep with me to this day. Stan Harris, my 6th grade Social Studies teacher and middle school baseball coach fostered a relationship of tough love that echoes the mannerisms of coach Bobby Hurley Sr. from St. Anthony’s high school. Coach Harris repeatedly placed an emphasis on efficiency and taken advantage of opportunities presented to us in a similar light to Coach Hurley Sr. In the documentary â€Å"The Streets Stop Here† Coach HurleyRead MoreEssay Management vs Leadership: Coach Knight vs Coach K941 Words   |  4 PagesManagement vs. Leadership: Coach Knight and Coach Krzyzewski Cristen S. Carpenter Grand Canyon University: LDR600 July 17, 2013 Management vs. Leadership: Coach Knight and Coach Krzyzewski Effective management and leadership are as imperative to the success of athletic coaches as they are in the business world. Coach Bobby Knight (CBK) and Coach Mike Krzyzewski (CMK) are recognized as being two of the most influential and successful coaches in athletics. This case study will examineRead MoreCoach Krzyzewskis Winning Philosophy Essay1544 Words   |  7 Pagesshared goal the players, assistance coaches and everyone had when Coach K made history as he moved past rival Dean Smith into second place on the men’s all-time wins list, claiming his 880th career victory with the top-ranked Blue Devils. He trails Bob Knight, who mentored and coached him at Army on the way to 902 wins (http://coachk.com/). Often, Coach K presents a take no prisoners attitude which will spill over onto the court. Understandably, Coach K believes that confrontation is a good thing. WhileRead MoreKnight Fouls: Indiana Takes Legal Shot500 Words   |  2 PagesKnight Fouls: Indiana Takes Legal Shot After reports of several transgressions and the surface of a damaging videotape which appeared to show Knight physically assaulting a former player, the president of Indiana, Neil Reed, had explained to Knight that there was a zero tolerance policy where Knight was concerned (Wolff, 2000). Despite the repeated warnings and the newly stated zero tolerance policy, Knight continued to commit transgressions that eventually got him fired from Indiana UniversityRead MoreThe Conspiracies Associated With The Reason Why The Usa Joined The Vietnam War1538 Words   |  7 Pagesto O’Brien because the lack priority that Jorgenson gives to O’Brien when he is wounded changes O’Brien’s nature from being innocent to desiring revenge. O’Brien narrates his second time being shot and how Jorgenson’s inexperience affects O’Brien: â€Å"Bobby Jorgenson didn’t know about shock, or if he did, the fear made him forget. To make it worse, he bungled th e patch job, and a couple of weeks later my ass started to rot away† (181). O’Brien loses trust in Jorgenson because Jorgenson is not a reliableRead MoreCase Study Analysis 4: a Tale of Two Coaches Essay1361 Words   |  6 Pagesstyles of two coaches, Coach Bobby Knight, and Coach Mike Krzyzewski (Coach K.). Coach Knight and Coach K. shared a similar follower directive; do not do anything that could be damaging to yourself or the program (Snook, Perlow, amp; Delacey 2005a). Aside from this rule, the coaches displayed dissimilar leadership approaches toward motivating their players. Coach Knight had one goal for his players, to win, and he displayed one leadership style, directive. Coach Knight, known as, â€Å"The General†Read MoreThe Merchant Of Death Story Arc1133 Words   |  5 PagesDeath story arc continues to mirror that of the one developed by George Lucas. While the entirety of Episode IV: A New Hope could be categorized as a completion of Hero’s Journey, to better understand Luke Skywalker’s transition from farm boy to Jedi Knight, all the sequels of the Star Wars saga can be explored to create a more unified representation. In Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back, Luke is deployed on the barren planet Hoth serving the Rebel Alliance when he is called on by Ben Kenobi’s spirit;

International Business Economics Journal -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The International Business Economics Journal? Answer: Introduction Disney is a part of popular culture and reflects the popular icons of American culture which have had a tremendous impact on shaping the lives and perceptions of the younger generation (West, 2016). However, a lack of understanding of the quintessential factors responsible for the growth and success of amusement parks can be severe. The same theory is applicable in case of Euro Disney and Hong Kong Disney. Cultural alienation- Euro Disney failed to understand the major cultural differences between the two continents and outlined the theme and functioning of Euro Disney witnessing the popularity in America. The management was responsible for implementing some of the norms, which were contradictory to the European culture like the banning of wine within the premises. This was also a major disrespect towards the French culture. Furthermore, to aggravate the situation, Euro Disney had no representation of the major fictional characters of France like Asterix and naturally the environment proved unacceptable to the European culture (West, 2016).. The director of Euro Disney failed to take into consideration the major gulf existing between the American and European cultures and the necessity in shredding of its Americanized elements. Lack of branding and promotion- Euro Disney failed to take into consideration the cultural preferences of the land they planned to cater. The monotony of sizes and lack of attractions contributed to further loss. A proper collaboration with mass media, and government was also a requisite to gain mass acceptance, which Euro Disney failed to address during their promotional campaigns (Grayson et al., 2017). Furthermore, they failed at product differentiation, the magic lurking behind the whole new world they were offering to the customers. Lack of Knowledge of Consumer Psychology-Euro Disney for long struggled to grasp the idea behind the European pattern of holiday and made a blunder by presuming that it was more inclined towards the American way of life (West, 2016). The decrease in the number of footfalls in Euro Disney accounted to drastically low share prices. Poor performance of Hong Kong- Intrusion of a different Culture- The issue of cultural acceptance persisted in Hong Kong Disney as well. It made apparent the adverse impact of imposition of American culture in a land where many were unfamiliar with Donald Duck and Tiana (West, 2016). The cultural gap was a huge hindrance in fostering success. Poor Market Analysis- Hong Kong Disney failed to take into consideration the unfavorable currency conditions and the economic stagnation (Lu Lanqi, 2016). These were responsible for dwindling tourist interest towards it. The disaster that occurred was mainly due to cultural alienation and a consequence of forced Americanization on different continents without paying heed to their own cultural tenets and practices (West, 2016). It becomes necessary before the setting up of any organization to take into account consumer behavioral pattern, culture, norms, values and attitudes shared by a set of people which influences the success and expansion of the business. The above factors could have been controllable by an understanding of the impact of culture and the role it plays in business. Euro Disney was being operated from the perspective of a narrowed down American mainstream culture. Euro Disney threatened the cultural identity and practices of the land that they spread their business (Karadjova-Stoev Mujtaba, 2016). However, Euro Disney allowed for the establishment of kennel in the parks considering the lifestyle pattern of French still it was not sufficient to counter how prices, idea of vacation and filmmaking inclined towards American ways. This was a major cause accounting to their failure in the initial years. Disneys marketing skills primarily was hugely ethnocentric that failed to accumulate the cultural differences within the framework of Disneys operational management (Grayson et al, 2014). Disney failure perpetuated mainly due to ignorance surrounding the importance of cross-cultural marketing that will induce the customers identify with their service and product. They emphasized more on American icon rather than the culture they ingratiated themselves. However, they later assessed the need for a cross-cultural approach in order to make Disney feel welcomed in places like Europe and Hong Kong. Some of the appreciating steps they implemented are the construction of Fantasy Gardens to appeal to the Hong Kong market, the re-constructing of the advertising in China to include one-child policy, promotions to equip the mainland tourists, feng shui customized hotels in order to preserve the tradition of Chinese culture (Lu Lanqi, 2016). In Europe, they introduced more variety of sausages, t he extravagant creation of Magic Kingdom are evidences the initiatives that Disney had undertaken to introduce cross-cultural traits maintaining the different cultural practices Disney is a part of. Tokyo Disneyland was a forged version of the park in America and in Japan people simply wanted to catch a glimpse of the American culture, something that would provide them with the ultimate American air. In Japan, the Tokyo Disneyland was nothing short of cultural imperialism which elicited huge response because of the Japanese enchantment with Disney characters (Grayson et al, 2014). It was because of this reason that Disney failed to predict a different reaction from the market of France and China. Tokyo Disney and its acceptance of American culture which failed to bear the same results in China and France. The Hong Kong Disneyland venture was planned keeping in consideration the Chinese culture like the feng shui, and even the park started operating from September 12 which is considered auspicious in Chinese culture (Lu Lanqi, 2016). So it can be concluded that unlike in France Disney over here included the cultural dynamic into their spectrum. However, due to poor market analysis they did not anticipated that the lack of rides and attractions can make the park unpopular and shrink the market eventually. Their advertising policies were also wrong and contradicted the Chinese way of raising a family. Disney in Hong Kong has witnessed the challenges of making Disney popular in a foreign land and therefore the Shanghai Disneyland has the blend of Chinese and American culture (Grayson et al, 2014). Moreover, they have learnt the importance of being culture centric after witnessing initial failure in Hong Kong and have included live entertainment along with variety of rides after the Chinese preference for the same. Disney should definitely try to make a market for itself in places like Middle East, Africa and Switzerland. As far as my opinions are concerned, it will work wonders in Africa mainly because of the cultural history that it shares and the need to ensure a harmonious bonding of both the cultures breaking away from past experiences. Disneyland X should respect the culture and tradition of Africa and refrain from making Disney X another photocopy of American culture. Disney should take a kaleidoscopic view of the popular culture in Africa to associate the native people with the park and incorporate their cultural elements. Disney should never appear as a cultural invasion. Additionally, Disney X should have financial resources to deal with the number of crisis that they have witnessed previously in France and Hong Kong. Learning from the previous errors could provide Disney X a strong niche in the market. Reference List: Grayson, L. E., Sheikholeslami, G., Grayson, L. E., Sheikholeslami, G., Rubenstein, F. (2017). Euro Disney or Euro Disaster?. Darden Business Publishing Cases, 1-14. Karadjova-Stoev, G., Mujtaba, B. G. (2016). Strategic human resource management and global expansion lessons from the Euro disney challenges in France. The International Business Economics Research Journal (Online), 15(3), 79. Lu, H. A. O., Lanqi, S. O. N. G. (2016). An Analysis of the Factors Influencing Chinese Cultural Product Export. Studies in Sociology of Science, 7(4), 61-65. West, M. I. (Ed.). (2016). Disneyland and culture: Essays on the parks and their influence. McFarland.

The Stock Market Essays - Stock Market, Financial Markets, Valuation

The Stock Market The Stock Market Have you ever noticed how everyone thinks they know what is best for you? Everyone telling you what to do when you are the only one who knows what is the best for you. You maybe wondering what this is about, would you believe me if I told you it is about the stock market. Well it is, you may have thought that this had nothing to do with the stock market, but actually it is everything about the stock market. Why trust everybody else when you can invest yourself ? Develop your own system of trading and get started. This may raise another question, How can I find the right stock and buy them with out the assistance of a stock broker? In the following information I will take you through the process of finding hot stock picks and turning them into tremendous profits. Eventually you will even develop a trading system. First of all lets get the basic steps down before we move to the more advanced steps. The two main ways to make money in the stock market is from dived ends and buying low and selling high. To make great outrageous profits you will have to riley on buying low and selling high. This is very easy to say but very difficult to do. With dived ends you will receive a small percentage gain every quarter of the year, this helps with your profits but not much. To buy low and sell high you first have to find some stocks or funds. With this information and your motivation with stocks you can rule the world! O.K. maybe not the world but definitely your own portfolio. Morgan 2 Now that you have the main concepts down we can move on and try to find some hot stocks. You never want to buy over bought stocks, because over bought stocks means that they are over valued. If you bought a over valued stock chances are that you bought high, and this may force you into selling low and take a loss. An easy way to get a round about feel for a stock to see if it is over or under valued is to look at its PE ratio. To calculate a PE ratio you take the price per share and divide it by the earnings per share and this will give you the PE ratio. Most of the time you don't even have to find out the p.e. ratio because It will be calculated before hand , so all you have to do is look at it. Many analysts like PE ratios under 60 or so, but it depends on the industry PE ratio also ( another figure that is pre calculated) (Frailey ,50). This is one of the most important figures of a stock. Try to avoid buying stocks with high PE ratios for long term holdings, even if it's a good company. For example Cisco Systems is a fantastic company, it has split nine times in the last ten years, it has never disappointed Wall Street with earnings but with a PE ratio of 125 this stock is over valued. I would buy this stock at about fifty dollars a share with a PE ratio of about 60. Even the best companies get over valued. Buy stocks like Cisco on short term pull backs and sell them when they become over valued. It is important to develop some type of trading system that will protect your capital and extend your gains. I do not think there is one trading system out there that will apply to every stock, so what you must do is modify other systems and develop your own ( cut and paste ). The pyramid system is the most practical and useful trading system in the world. In this particular system you start off with about ten or so individual Morgan 3 stocks that you think will do very well. There is no way around it, some stock will go up and some go down, face it. In this particular system you will sell your stocks that decline by ten percent. Now that you have liquidated some of your stocks you must